There are three common words which mean before in Thai including ก่อน (kɔ̀ɔn), แต่ก่อน (tæ̀ækɔ̀ɔn) and เมื่อก่อน (mɨ̂akɔ̀ɔn). Let’s learn how to use them correctly. (หลัง (lǎŋ) is the antonym of ก่อน (kɔ̀ɔn). Read more about it >>)
ก่อน (kɔ̀ɔn) as a conjunction
- ก่อน (kɔ̀ɔn) used to connect two sentences together to show that a particular event or action happens earlier than another. You can place this word at the beginning of either the first sentence or the second sentence.
a sentence + ก่อน (kɔ̀ɔn) + a sentence
– phǒm ca ʔàan nǎŋ-sɨ̌ɨ kɔ̀ɔn (phǒm) khâw nɔɔn
– I will read a book before I get to bed.
– chán cəə kháw thîi sanǎam-bin kɔ̀ɔn kháw bin pay yúròop
– I met her before she flied to Europe.
– kháw mây-dâay phûut ʔaray kɔ̀ɔn (kháw) pay
– He did not say anything before (he) left.
ก่อน (kɔ̀ɔn) + a sentence (space) a sentence
– kɔ̀ɔn (phǒm) khâw nɔɔn, phǒm ca ʔàan nǎŋsɨ̌ɨ
– Before I get to bed, I will read a book.
– kɔ̀ɔn kháw bin pay yúròop, chán cəə kháw thîi sanǎam-bin
– Before she flied to Europe, I met her at the airport.
– kɔ̀ɔn (kháw) pay, kháw mây-dâay phûut ʔaray
– Before he left, he did not say anything.
ก่อน (kɔ̀ɔn) as a preposition
- ก่อน (kɔ̀ɔn) used to show that something happens earlier than or ahead of something, someone or a certain time.
ก่อน (kɔ̀ɔn) + noun
– phanrayaa thɨŋ bâan kɔ̀ɔn phǒm thúk-wan
– My wife arrives home before me every day.
– lêek nɨ̀ŋ maa kɔ̀ɔn lêek sɔ̌ɔŋ
– Number one comes before number two.
– phûu-chaay khon nán dâay ʔaahǎan kɔ̀ɔn chán
– That guy got the food before me.
– khun tɔ̂ŋ thoo hǎa chán kɔ̀ɔn hòk mooŋ yen
– You have to call me before 6.00pm.
แต่ก่อน (tæ̀æ-kɔ̀ɔn) and เมื่อก่อน (mɨ̂a-kɔ̀ɔn)
- These two words also mean before in Thai and they are replaceable. These two words are used as an adverb of time. They show that something happens at an earlier time. They are usually put at the beginning of the sentence.
– tæ̀æ-kɔ̀ɔn kháw tham-ŋaan thîi-nîi
– Before, he worked here.
– tæ̀æ-kɔ̀ɔn phǒm phûut phaasǎa Thai mây-dâay
– Before, I could not speak Thai.
– mɨ̂a-kɔ̀ɔn bâan chán mây mii rót
– Before, my house (my family) did not have a car.
– mɨ̂a-kɔ̀ɔn khun cay-yen kwàa níi
– Before, you were calmer.
Check your understanding of the word before in Thai
1. I want to go eat before watching movie.
– ฉัน อยาก ไป กิน ข้าว (_______) ไป ดู หนัง
– chán yàak pay kin khâaw (_______) pay duu nǎŋ
– chán yàak pay kin khâaw kɔ̀ɔn pay duu nǎŋ
2. Before, my mom opened a restaurant at home.
– (_______) แม่ ฉัน เปิด ร้านอาหาร ที่ บ้าน
– (_______) mæ̂æ chán pə̀ət ráan ʔaahǎan thîi bâan
– tæ̀æ-kɔ̀ɔn / mɨ̂a-kɔ̀ɔn mæ̂æ chán pə̀ət ráan ʔaahǎan thîi bâan
3. Before doing anything, you have to think carefully.
– (________) จะ ทำ อะไร คุณ ต้อง คิด ดีๆ
– (________) ca tham ʔaray khun tɔ̂ŋ khít dii dii
– kɔ̀ɔn ca tham ʔaray khun tɔ̂ŋ khít dii dii
4. My elder sister got married before me (I do).
– พี่สาว ฉัน แต่งงาน _______ ฉัน
– phîi-sǎaw chán tæ̀ŋŋaan _______ chán
– phîi-sǎaw chán tæ̀ŋŋaan kɔ̀ɔn chán
5. Before, this place used to be a hospital.
– (_______) ที่นี่ เคย เป็น โรงพยาบาล
– (_______) thîinîi khəəy pen rooŋ-phayaabaan
– tæ̀æ-kɔ̀ɔn / mɨ̂a-kɔ̀ɔn thîi-nîi khəəy pen rooŋ-phayaabaan
Keep on reading : Old (เก่า แก่) in Thai >>