Let’s explore what mai mean in Thai. It is not a word with many meanings, but there are different words with similar pronunciations.
In the transcription that I use, it is written as ‘may’ instead. However, in this article, we will use ‘mai’ as most of the people are familiar with this format.
I will break them into two groups: the short vowel group and the long vowel group. From the middle tone to the rising tone.
Table of content
Mai with a short vowel
1.
mai (ไม) in a middle tone:This word doesn’t have a meaning in Thai on its own. However, the word ‘ไมค์ (mai)’ is a short form for “microphone.” You might hear the middle tone ‘ไม (mai)’ in the word ‘why’ – ทำไม (thammai).
For example,
– khun lɨɨm pə̀ət mai.
– You forgot to turn on the microphone.
2.
mài (ใหม่) in a low tone:This means “new” when used with a noun and “again” when used with a verb.
For example,
– chán yàak sɨ́ɨ bâan mài.
– I want to buy a new house.
– phǒm ca pay ráan-ʔaahǎan mài.
– I will go to a new restaurant.
– cəə kan mài.
– See you again.
– phûut mài dâay mái
– Can you say again?
3.
mâi (ไม่) in a falling tone:This word means “no” or “not.” It’s one of the first words you learn when you start learning Thai. It’s used before a verb or adjective.
For example,
– phǒm mâi yàak pay.
– I don’t want to go.
– phǒm mâi rúu.
– I don’t know.
– khun mâi khâw-cay.
– You don’t understand.
– kháw mâi yæ̂æ.
– He is not bad.
4.
mâi (ไหม้) in a falling tone (with different spelling in Thai script):This word is an adjective meaning ‘burnt’ or ‘charred.’
For example,
– mɨ̂a-waan-níi mii fay-mâi nay mùu bâan.
– Yesterday, there was a fire in the village.
– chán tham kày mâi.
– I overcooked the chicken.
5.
mái (ไหม) in a high tone:It is a question particle used for yes/no questions. You place it at the end of a sentence.
For example,
– khun yàak pay mái.
– Do you want to go?
– khun rúu mái.
– Do you know?
– kháw khâw-cay mái.
– Does she understand?
– man yæ̂æ mâak mái.
Is it really bad?
6.
mǎi (ไหม) in a rising tone:It means ‘silk’, ‘silkworm’, and ‘silk thread.’
For example,
– chán yàak sɨ́ɨ phâa mǎi Thai.
– I want to buy Thai silk cloth.
– kháw klua tua mǎi.
– He is scared of a silkworm.
– fææn phǒm ca pay sɨ́ɨ mǎi sǐi dææŋ.
– My partner will go buy a read silk thread.
Note: If you can read Thai script, you may notice that the word “mái (ไหม)” in a high tone and the word “mǎi (ไหม)” in a rising tone is written the same way: ไหม.
According to the tone rule in reading, ไหม should be pronounced in a rising tone. In the past, people said “mái (ไหม)” question particle with a rising tone. However, nowadays, the tone of this word has shifted to a high tone when spoken.
Mai with a long vowel
1.
maay (มาย) in a low tone:You will hear this word after ‘มาก (mâak),’ which means ‘very’ or ‘many.’ It is added to emphasize the amount of what is being described.
For example,
– kháw mii ŋən mâak maay.
– She has lots of money.
– phǒm mâi dâay mii phɨ̂an mâak maay mɨ̌an khun.
– I don’t have as many friends as you.
maay (มาย) is also a common nickname in Thai, more often for women. It is derived from the English word “mind”, and is usually spelled as มายด์ in Thai.
2. màay (หม่าย) in a low tone:
There is no word in Thai pronounced as ‘màay (หม่าย).’
3.
mâay (ม่าย / หม้าย) in a falling tone:This is an adjective used to describe a widow or widower.
phɔ̂ɔ mâay (พ่อม่าย) means a widower.
For example,
– kháw pen mæ̂æ mâay.
– She is a widow.
– nɔ́ɔŋ-chaay phǒm pen phɔ̂ɔ-mâay.
– My brother is a widower.
– chán dâay-yin wâa kháw pen mâay.
– I’ve heard that she is widowed.
4.
máay (ไม้) in a high tone:The word ‘máay (ไม้)’ alone means wood or timber. However, you will often hear this word as part of many other words, such as:
ดอกไม้ (dɔ̀ɔk-máay) for flowers
ผลไม้ (phǒn-la-máay) for fruits
ไม้กวาด (máay-kwàat) for brooms
ไม้จิ้มฟัน (máay-cîm-fan) for toothpicks
Most words that include ‘máay’ (ไม้) are usually related to wood or timber.
5.
mǎay (หมาย) in a rising tone:You will hear mǎay (หมาย) as part of the words ความหมาย (khwaam-mǎay), which means ‘meaning,’ and also in the verb หมายความว่า (mǎay khwaam wâa), which means ‘it means…’
For example,
– phǒm phayaayaam hǎa khwaam-mǎay khɔ̌ɔŋ chiiwít.
– I try to find the meaning of life.
– khun mǎay khwaam wâa ʔaray.
– What do you mean?
To wrap things up, figuring out the Thai word ‘mai’ can be a bit tricky because it’s all about getting those tones and vowel lengths right. It’s not just one word with lots of meanings but different words depending on how you say them.
I hope this article helps clear up any confusion and makes it easier for you to use them correctly in different situations.